Cromolyn inhibits the release of histamine and leukotrienes from sensitized mast cells found in lung mucosa, nasal mucosa and eyes. Its exact mechanism of activity is not understood, but it is thought to be a result from blocking indirect entry of calcium ions into cells. Other effects of cromolyn include inhibiting neuronal reflexes in the lung, inhibiting bronchospasm secondary to tachykins, inhibiting the movement of other inflammatory cells (neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils), and preventing the down-regulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors on lymphocytes. Cromolyn does not possess antihistaminic, anticholinergic, antiserotonin, corticosteroid-like, or antiinflammatory actions.
Cyanocobalamin is used for treating deficiencies of vitamin B12. Malabsorption of the nutrient secondary to gastrointestinal tract disease, or dietary chromium deficiencies (in ruminants) can be associated with dietary deficiencies of vitamin B12. As there appears to be a high percentage of cats with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency or gastrointestinal disease that are deficient in cobalamin, there is considerable interest in evaluating serum cobalamin (vitamin B12) in these patients. Giant schnauzers may have a genetic defect affecting the location of the cobalamin-intrinsic factor, causing cobalamin deficiency. Dogs with inflammatory bowel disease may also develop cobalamin deficiency.
劑量數字暫停提供：VetPro 的劑量改依 DRUGAPI 藥物資料庫對外的內容，DRUGAPI 目前不提供可直接計算的劑量。下方列出 DRUGAPI 的審查結論與劑量審查引用的來源；計算機可手動輸入劑量換算。
未閉合現行獸醫產品、濃度、裝置沉積、馬氣喘表型、急性呼吸狀態、法規與競賽門檻；所有數值證據均不可執行。
依出現頻率分組；嚴重副作用獨立列出，臨床上需立即辨識。