商品名：Glucophage
Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic agent used to treat noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes in people). Metformin is used to decrease hepatic glucose production, decrease intestinal absorption of glucose, and improve insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. It is in the biguanide class of oral drugs for diabetes. Metformin does not have a direct effect on pancreatic beta cells, but it lowers blood glucose by reducing hepatic glucose production and improving peripheral utilization of glucose (e.g., in muscle). It thus lowers insulin requirements
In people, metformin is used to treat Type 2 diabetes. It has been used in people when the sulfonylurea drugs fail. It has been used in cats to treat diabetes. However, in cats treated with 50 mg/cat q12h PO, it showed significant adverse effects and was effective in only one fifth of treated cats. In cats, it has been more common to administer the sulfonylurea class of drugs in animals. Sulfonylurea drugs include glipizide (Glucotrol) and glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase). Diabetic dogs rarely respond to oral hypoglycemic agents. In horses, the clearance rate is 10 times that of humans and, beca
劑量數字暫停提供：VetPro 的劑量改依 DRUGAPI 藥物資料庫對外的內容，DRUGAPI 目前不提供可直接計算的劑量。下方列出 DRUGAPI 的審查結論與劑量審查引用的來源；計算機可手動輸入劑量換算。
唯一直接臨床研究以 50 mg/cat q12h 用於五隻糖尿病貓：一隻控制成功、三隻失敗後需 insulin、一隻死因未明；現行貓糖尿病指南未建立常規 metformin 療程。現況也缺 exact formulation、腎肝、酸鹼／缺氧、酮體、進食、顯影劑及併用藥 gate。
依出現頻率分組；嚴重副作用獨立列出，臨床上需立即辨識。
12 hours
renal