最後更新：2026年10月1日
補體缺乏症為補體系統先天性缺陷，影響先天免疫防禦與免疫複合物清除。犬中已知 C3 缺乏（Brittany Spaniel）為最具臨床意義的補體缺陷，因 C3 為補體級聯反應的核心成分。受影響犬易反覆細菌感染與腎絲球腎炎。
貓補體缺陷報告極罕見。理論上可能存在但未被充分辨識。
Brittany Spaniel C3 缺乏為最著名犬補體缺陷（autosomal recessive）。純合子犬 C3 極低或缺如。反覆細菌感染（尤其化膿性病原）與膜增殖性腎絲球腎炎為特徵。
這頁有幾個欄位是同系統共用的模板，還沒針對本疾病單獨改寫過。請以臨床判斷為準，記得對照下方文獻。
建議：維持量 LRS
類型：LRS
監測頻率：q1-2 週（免疫抑制初期）
[1]Complement C6 deficiency exacerbates pathophysiology after spinal cord injury.
[2]Divergent roles for complement components C3 and C4 in controlling Klebsiella pneumoniae gut colonization and systemic dissemination.
[3]Identification and structural analysis of dimeric chicken complement component 3d and its binding with chicken complement receptor 2.
[4]Rabbit antithymocyte globulin induces human lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and apoptosis in the absence of complement: an experimental study.
[5]WSAVA Guidelines for the Vaccination of Dogs and Cats
穩定但需注意惡化徵兆，建議安排近期門診 (stable but monitor for deterioration, schedule near-term visit)
C3 缺乏犬預後謹慎。反覆感染可良好管理但需終身注意。腎絲球腎炎為主要長期併發症，可進展至腎衰竭。早期辨識與預防性管理可改善生活品質。
Diagnostic Approach for Complement Deficiency
Assess for fever, joint swelling, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, organ involvement
CBC, chemistry, ANA, rheumatoid factor, Coombs test, serum protein electrophoresis
Biopsy of affected tissue (skin, joint, kidney) with histopathology and immunofluorescence