最後更新：2026年10月1日
高黏性症候群是因血清中蛋白質（通常為免疫球蛋白）異常增加導致血液黏稠度上升，引起微循環障礙、出血傾向及器官功能障礙的臨床症候群。最常見於多發性骨髓瘤及淋巴瘤分泌的單株免疫球蛋白。
Eosinophilic granuloma complex in cats has an immune-mediated component, often triggered by hypersensitivity reactions. Cyclosporine (Atopica) is useful for refractory feline eosinophilic or immune-mediated conditions. Drug hypersensitivity reactions in cats may present as cutaneous eruptions or hepatotoxicity.
Vaccine-associated adverse reactions range from mild (facial swelling, urticaria) to severe (anaphylaxis). Small breed dogs have higher adverse reaction rates per dose. Immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate) requires monitoring for secondary infections.
多發性骨髓瘤（最常見之高黏性症候群病因）的標準首選烷化劑化療藥，可降低單株免疫球蛋白生成，從根本減少血液黏稠度
建議：維持量 LRS
類型：LRS
監測頻率：q1-2 週（免疫抑制初期）
[1]WSAVA Guidelines for the Vaccination of Dogs and Cats
建議數日內就診評估，非立即危及生命但不宜拖延 (evaluation within days recommended, not immediately life-threatening)
取決於潛在病因。急性降黏稠度治療通常能快速改善症狀。長期預後取決於潛在腫瘤對化療的反應。多發性骨髓瘤伴HVS經治療後中位生存期約540天。Ehrlichia相關者經適當抗生素治療後可完全恢復。視網膜剝離若及時治療可能恢復。
高黏性症候群 診斷流程
評估出血傾向、視力異常和神經症狀，通常繼發於多發性骨髓瘤或淋巴瘤
進行血清蛋白電泳、血液黏度測量和眼底檢查
尋找引起高黏度的潛在腫瘤性疾病，進行骨髓檢查和全身分期
來源：專家審閱