最後更新：2026年10月1日
角膜疾病,可能影響視力與眼部舒適度。需及時治療以避免視力喪失或眼球穿孔等併發症。
Feline herpesvirus keratitis is the most common cause of corneal ulceration in cats, presenting as dendritic or geographic ulcers. Famciclovir (90 mg/kg PO BID-TID) is the preferred systemic antiviral. Uveitis in cats should prompt testing for FIV, FeLV, FIP, toxoplasmosis, and systemic fungal infection.
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS/dry eye) is common in dogs, especially Cocker Spaniels, Bulldogs, and West Highland White Terriers. Schirmer tear test < 15 mm/min is diagnostic. Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is inherited in many breeds. Cataracts may be inherited or secondary to diabetes mellitus.
角膜異物為眼科急症 → 表面麻醉（proparacaine）後裂隙燈定位 → 螢光素染色評估角膜深度與穿孔（Seidel test）→ 淺層異物以濕棉棒或沖洗移除，嵌入/穿孔轉眼科手術 → 廣效抗生素眼藥預防感染、禁用類固醇 → 睫狀肌麻痺（atropine）止痛、戴頭套防自傷
建議：依臨床狀況調整
監測頻率：青光眼 q4-6h（急性）；每次回診
[1]A cell-permeable peptide inhibitor of p55PIK signaling alleviates suture-induced corneal neovascularization and inflammation.
建議數日內就診評估，非立即危及生命但不宜拖延 (evaluation within days recommended, not immediately life-threatening)
預後取決於疾病類型、嚴重度與治療時機。早期治療可改善預後並保存視力。
氣管異物 診斷流程
評估急性發作的嚴重咳嗽、呼吸困難和喘鳴音，詢問異物吸入病史
進行頸部和胸腔X光評估異物位置，注意不透射性和透射性異物
進行支氣管鏡檢查直接觀察並取出異物
來源：專家審閱