最後更新：2026年10月1日
瞼板腺 (Meibomian gland) 分泌功能異常或腺管阻塞，導致淚膜脂質層缺乏，進而引起蒸發性乾眼與慢性眼表不適。為犬慢性眼表疾病的常見但容易被忽視的原因。
Feline glaucoma is usually secondary (uveitis, intraocular neoplasia). Iris melanosis may progress to diffuse iris melanoma and secondary glaucoma. Hypertensive retinopathy (retinal detachment, hyphema) is common in cats with CKD or hyperthyroidism — blood pressure monitoring is essential.
犬相當常見但常被低估。老年犬及有慢性眼瞼炎者風險較高。
建議：依臨床狀況調整
監測頻率：青光眼 q4-6h（急性）；每次回診
[1]A comparative review of evaporative dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in dogs and humans.
[2]A review of rabbit models of meibomian gland dysfunction and scope for translational research.
[3]Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: What Have Animal Models Taught Us?
[4]Maresin 1 Ameliorates Blue Light Overexposure-Induced Meibomian Gland Dysfunction via Inhibition of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis.
[5]A Novel Rabbit Model of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-Induced Dry Eye.
建議數日內就診評估，非立即危及生命但不宜拖延 (evaluation within days recommended, not immediately life-threatening)
預後良好但需長期管理。規律眼瞼清潔可有效控制症狀。不治療可導致慢性眼表損傷。
Diagnostic Approach for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Menace response, PLR, Schirmer tear test, fluorescein staining, tonometry
Detailed anterior segment examination including conjunctiva, cornea, iris, lens
Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy; ocular ultrasound if media opacity prevents visualization