最後更新：2026年10月1日
鼻淚管部分或完全阻塞導致淚液無法正常排入鼻腔，造成溢淚與淚痕。可為先天性 (淚點發育不全、管腔狹窄) 或後天性 (感染、異物、腫瘤壓迫)。短頭品種因面部構造先天性阻塞率高。
Persian 等扁臉品種先天性阻塞常見。FHV-1 感染後瘢痕狹窄也常見。
短頭品種犬常見。Cocker Spaniel、Poodle 也有先天性淚點異常傾向。
鼻淚管阻塞為非急症眼科問題，門診處置為主：螢光素 Jones test 確認通暢 → 鎮靜下經淚點以導管生理食鹽水沖洗疏通 → 慢性/反覆阻塞置鼻淚管支架數週 → 合併淚囊炎給局部 ± 全身抗生素 → 找出病因（先天狹窄、異物、齒根膿瘍、腫瘤壓迫）
建議：依臨床狀況調整
監測頻率：青光眼 q4-6h（急性）；每次回診
[1]Contrast computed tomography dacryocystorhinography identifies nasolacrimal duct obstruction secondary to chronic dental disease in two chinchilla langeria.
[2]Case series: Computed tomography (CT) demonstrates lacrimal canal involvement in koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) with maxillary incisor dental disease.
[3]Rebamipide promotes lacrimal duct epithelial cell survival via protecting barrier function.
[4]Modeling Chronic Dacryocystitis in Rabbits by Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction with Self-Curing Resin.
需系統性診斷與治療計畫，延遲可能影響預後 (systematic workup needed, delay may affect prognosis)
沖洗可疏通的阻塞預後良好。先天性構造異常為長期問題。感染性淚囊炎治療後可改善。腫瘤壓迫者取決於腫瘤類型。
Diagnostic Approach for Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Menace response, PLR, Schirmer tear test, fluorescein staining, tonometry
Detailed anterior segment examination including conjunctiva, cornea, iris, lens
Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy; ocular ultrasound if media opacity prevents visualization