最後更新：2026年10月1日
多模式止痛是同時使用多種作用機制不同的止痛藥物或方法，以達到更好的止痛效果並減少個別藥物的副作用。為現代小動物疼痛管理的核心概念與標準實踐。
貓亦適用，部分方法需調整。
Clinical presentation in dogs varies significantly by breed, age, and body condition. Breed predispositions should guide differential diagnosis and screening protocols. Concurrent medications and diet (especially grain-free diets linked to DCM investigation) should be assessed.
可點的項目會開啟該疾病頁。要依症狀與檢驗排出完整清單，請用鑑別診斷工具。
周邊抗發炎止痛，多模式止痛中抑制 COX 介導的傷害感受敏化，為發炎性疼痛核心藥物之一
阻斷神經傳導，用於局部/區域阻斷與 CRI，多位點阻斷疼痛通路
拮抗 NMDA 受體減少中樞敏化與 wind-up，預防慢性疼痛，多模式止痛佐劑
建議：依臨床狀況調整
監測頻率：依病因
[1]2022 ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Acute Pain in Cats.
[2]Analgesic effects of Phα1β toxin: a review of mechanisms of action involving pain pathways.
[3]Local and Regional Anaesthetic Techniques in Canine Ovariectomy: A Review of the Literature and Technique Description.
[4]Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Overview of concepts and drugs (Part 1).
[5]Clinical pharmacology of tramadol and tapentadol, and their therapeutic efficacy in different models of acute and chronic pain in dogs and cats.
建議數日內就診評估，非立即危及生命但不宜拖延 (evaluation within days recommended, not immediately life-threatening)
多模式止痛效果優於任何單一藥物。可降低個別藥物劑量減少副作用。適用於各類疼痛管理情境。
Diagnostic Approach for Multimodal Analgesia
Thorough history collection; complete physical examination with attention to presenting complaint
CBC, serum chemistry panel, urinalysis; additional tests based on clinical findings
Advanced imaging, specialized testing, or referral based on minimum database findings