最後更新：2026年10月1日
尿道造口術為在較寬的尿道段建立永久開口的手術，適用於反覆尿道阻塞或尿道嚴重損傷無法修復者。犬常行陰囊尿道造口，貓行會陰尿道造口。
貓亦有適應症但頻率較犬低。
Canine leptospirosis can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) and is zoonotic. Urolithiasis type varies by breed: Dalmatians (urate), Miniature Schnauzers (calcium oxalate/struvite). Ureteral obstruction requires prompt imaging and potential interventional procedures (subcutaneous ureteral bypass or stent).
可點的項目會開啟該疾病頁。要依症狀與檢驗排出完整清單，請用鑑別診斷工具。
建議：0.9% NaCl 或 LRS，矯正脫水後以 2× 維持量支持 post-obstructive diuresis
類型：0.9% NaCl
監測頻率：每日觀察
[1]Welfare of cats 5-29 months after perineal urethrostomy: 74 cases (2015-2017).
[2]Evaluation of postoperative complication rates in cats undergoing perineal urethrostomy performed in dorsal recumbency.
[3]Outcome and complications in goats treated by perineal urethrostomy for obstructive urolithiasis: 25 cases (2010-2017).
[4]Use of poliglecaprone 25 for perineal urethrostomy in cats: 61 cases (2007-2013).
[5]IRIS Treatment Recommendations for CKD Stages 1-4
穩定但需注意惡化徵兆，建議安排近期門診 (stable but monitor for deterioration, schedule near-term visit)
手術預後良好。需注意造口狹窄與泌尿道感染風險。術後多數動物排尿通暢。
Diagnostic Approach for Urethrostomy
Assess for dysuria, hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria; palpate bladder and kidneys
Complete urinalysis via cystocentesis; urine culture and sensitivity for bacterial infection
Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound to evaluate urinary tract for calculi, masses, or structural changes