最後更新：2026年10月1日
犬黑色素瘤 DNA 疫苗 (Oncept) 為第一個獲美國 USDA 條件許可的獸醫腫瘤治療性疫苗，利用人類酪胺酸酶基因激發抗腫瘤免疫反應，用於犬口腔黑色素瘤的術後輔助治療。
目前無針對貓的核准適應症。少數臨床報告嘗試超標使用於貓黑色素瘤，療效與安全性資料有限。
主要適應症為犬口腔惡性黑色素瘤第 II-III 期（局部控制後）。建議手術或放射治療達到局部控制後使用。初始四劑方案每兩週一次，之後每六個月追加。
這頁有幾個欄位是同系統共用的模板，還沒針對本疾病單獨改寫過。請以臨床判斷為準，記得對照下方文獻。
建議：化療前後積極利尿（cisplatin）或維持量
監測頻率：化療後 7-10d (nadir)
[1]Diagnosis and histopathologic prognostication of canine melanocytic neoplasms: A consensus of the Oncology-Pathology Working Group.
[2]Comparative pathophysiology and molecular insights into cutaneous and non-cutaneous canine skin cancers: focus on melanoma, mast cell tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma.
[3]The Use of Oncept Melanoma Vaccine in Veterinary Patients: A Review of the Literature.
[4]Evaluating the Impact of Elective Nodal Irradiation for Dogs With Oral Malignant Melanoma Undergoing Hypofractionated Radiotherapy.
[5]Safety of administering the canine melanoma DNA vaccine (Oncept) to cats with malignant melanoma - a retrospective study.
穩定但需注意惡化徵兆，建議安排近期門診 (stable but monitor for deterioration, schedule near-term visit)
合併疫苗治療的犬口腔黑色素瘤患者，部分研究報告中位生存時間可達 18-24 個月，優於單純手術。但近年回顧性研究對其療效存在爭議，建議結合完整的多模式治療方案。
Diagnostic Approach for Melanoma Vaccine
Measure mass dimensions, assess fixation, evaluate regional lymph nodes
FNA of mass and regional lymph nodes for cytological assessment
CBC, chemistry, urinalysis, three-view thoracic radiographs, abdominal ultrasound
Incisional or excisional biopsy for definitive diagnosis; develop treatment plan based on staging