最後更新：2026年10月1日
發生於舌部的腫瘤性病變，犬最常見的為鱗狀細胞癌（SCC）和惡性黑色素瘤，貓則以鱗狀細胞癌為主（最常發生於舌根腹側）。口腔腫瘤是犬第四常見的腫瘤類型，具有局部侵犯性強的特點，常呈冰山效應（深層浸潤範圍遠大於表面所見）。
Lymphoma is the most common feline malignancy. Alimentary (GI) lymphoma predominates, with small cell (low-grade) vs large cell (high-grade) distinction guiding prognosis and treatment. FeLV-associated mediastinal lymphoma has decreased with vaccination. Injection-site sarcoma (feline injection-site sarcoma, FISS) requires wide surgical margins (3-5 cm).
Lymphoma is one of the most common canine cancers, with multicentric form predominating. CHOP-based protocols are standard of care. Hemangiosarcoma (spleen, right atrium, liver) is overrepresented in German Shepherds and Golden Retrievers. Mast cell tumors are the most common cutaneous neoplasm in dogs.
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可點的項目會開啟該疾病頁。要依症狀與檢驗排出完整清單，請用鑑別診斷工具。
建議：化療前後積極利尿（cisplatin）或維持量
監測頻率：化療後 7-10d (nadir)
建議數日內就診評估，非立即危及生命但不宜拖延 (evaluation within days recommended, not immediately life-threatening)
犬下頜前端SCC手術切除後中位生存期19-43個月，預後相對較好。舌根或扁桃體SCC預後較差，轉移率高。犬口腔黑色素瘤轉移率高，手術+疫苗中位生存期約12-18個月。貓口腔SCC預後極差，確診後中位生存期僅2-4個月，一年存活率不到10%。
舌腫瘤 診斷流程
全身麻醉下詳細口腔檢查和腫塊評估
FNA或切開式活檢取得病理診斷
胸腔X光、淋巴結FNA、CT評估腫瘤範圍
根據腫瘤類型和分期選擇手術、放療或化療
來源：專家審閱