最後更新：2026年10月1日
老年犬的認知功能退化疾病,類似人類失智症。臨床表現包括定向障礙、睡眠模式改變與行為異常,需多模式管理改善生活品質。
Idiopathic epilepsy is the most common seizure disorder in dogs, with breed predisposition (Border Collie, German Shepherd, Beagle). Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is common in chondrodystrophic breeds (Dachshund, French Bulldog). MRI is the gold standard for CNS lesion localization.
建議：0.9% NaCl（避免低張液防腦水腫），維持量
類型：0.9% NaCl
監測頻率：每日記錄
[1]Potential revival of cholinesterase inhibitors as drugs in veterinary medicine.
[2]Ethical Issues Raised by the Introduction of Artificial Companions to Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Call for Interdisciplinary Collaborations.
[3]Autologous skin-derived neural precursor cell therapy reverses canine Alzheimer dementia-like syndrome in a proof of concept veterinary trial.
[4]2015 ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Statement on Seizure Management in Dogs.
急性發作需及時介入以防止不可逆損傷 (acute onset requiring timely intervention to prevent irreversible damage)
飼主衛教
用藥指引
⚠ 警訊症狀（立即回診）
環境調整
長期計畫：癲癇每 6 月抽血追蹤藥物濃度 + 肝功能
嚴格限制
嚴格限制活動 (cage rest / crate rest)，尤其 IVDD 術後
期間：IVDD 術後 6-8 週，癲癇穩定後可漸進恢復
預後取決於根本病因與治療反應。早期診斷與適當治療可改善預後。
Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Detail 診斷流程
詳細問診包括發病經過、用藥史、飲食與環境
CBC、生化全套、尿液分析
來源：自動產生