最後更新：2026年10月1日
兔鼻淚管因阻塞或感染導致的淚囊發炎，為兔常見的眼科問題。兔鼻淚管走行於上顎切齒及臼齒齒根附近，牙科疾病是鼻淚管阻塞的重要原因。
Rabbits excrete calcium via the kidneys (unlike most mammals that excrete via bile), so hypercalciuria and urinary sludge are common. Calcium carbonate urolithiasis is typical. Radiographs show characteristically opaque bladder sludge. Dietary calcium management (limit alfalfa, increase grass hay) is key. E. cuniculi can cause chronic interstitial nephritis.
可點的項目會開啟該疾病頁。要依症狀與檢驗排出完整清單，請用鑑別診斷工具。
建議：門診處置為主，通常不需住院輸液
類型：0.9% NaCl
| 藥物 | 劑量 | 頻率 | 優先級 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urinary Support Supplement 寵特寶 安泌利。Nutritional supplement (Urinary health) | 依藥品仿單指示 | 依醫囑 | 首選 |
| Nitroscanate 硝硫氰胺。Antibacterial | 依藥品仿單指示 | 依醫囑 | 首選 |
| Carprofen 卡洛芬。NSAID | 依藥品仿單指示 | 依醫囑 | 首選 |
| DL-Methionine DL-蛋氨酸。Urinary Acidifier | 依藥品仿單指示 | 依醫囑 | 條件性 |
| Flopropione 苯丙酮。Antispasmodic (Smooth muscle relaxant) | 依藥品仿單指示 | 依醫囑 | 首選 |
監測頻率：每日觀察
[1]Enhanced Therapeutic Effect of IL-10-ADSCs on Rabbit Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis By Suppressing T Follicular Helper Cell Responses Via miR-142-5p/RC3H1 Axis.
[2]Thymosin β4 Alleviates Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis via Suppressing Th17 Cell Response.
[3]MSC-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization and Inducing Tregs via miR-100-5p.
[4]MicroRNA expression profile of Lacrimal Glands in rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis model.
[5]Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate ongoing autoimmune dacryoadenitis in rabbits via polarizing macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype.
穩定但需注意惡化徵兆，建議安排近期門診 (stable but monitor for deterioration, schedule near-term visit)
單純感染性淚囊炎經沖洗與抗生素治療可控。牙齒相關淚囊炎需同時處理牙科問題，否則反覆發作。多數需長期間歇性管理。
Diagnostic Approach for Rabbit Dacryocystitis
Assess for dysuria, hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria; palpate bladder and kidneys
Complete urinalysis via cystocentesis; urine culture and sensitivity for bacterial infection
Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound to evaluate urinary tract for calculi, masses, or structural changes