Chloramphenicol usually acts as a bacteriostatic antibiotic, but at higher concentrations or against some very susceptible organisms it can be bactericidal. Chloramphenicol acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby preventing bacterial protein synthesis. Erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, tylosin, etc., also bind to the same site, but unlike these drugs, chloramphenicol appears to also have an affinity for mitochondrial ribosomes of rapidly proliferating mammalian cells ( _e.g._, bone marrow) that may result in reversible bone marrow suppression. Chloramphenicol has a wide spectrum of activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Gram-positive aerobic organisms that are generally susceptible to chloramphenicol include many streptococci and staphylococci. It is also effective against some gram-negative aerobes including Neissiera, Brucella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Haemophilus. Many anaerobic bacteria are sensitive to chloramphenicol including Clostridium, Bacteroides (including _B. fragilis_ ), Fusobacterium, and Veillonella. Chloramphenicol also has activity against Nocardia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Rickettsia.
Chloramphenicol is used for a variety of infections in small animals and horses, particularly those caused by anaerobic bacteria. The FDA has prohibited the use of chloramphenicol in animals used for food production because of the human public health implications.
劑量數字暫停提供：VetPro 的劑量改依 DRUGAPI 藥物資料庫對外的內容，DRUGAPI 目前不提供可直接計算的劑量。下方列出 DRUGAPI 的審查結論與劑量審查引用的來源；計算機可手動輸入劑量換算。
確認 Chloramphenicol 基質、sodium succinate、palmitate 或其他鹽酯，活性當量、商品或複方、濃度、劑型、vehicle、復溶、容器、效期與法域 確認物種、食用或非食用狀態、體重、年齡與成熟度、感染部位、檢體、病原、菌株、培養感受性方法及可適用 breakpoint 區分經驗性與目標性治療，評估替代抗菌藥、感染控制、地區抗藥性、抗菌藥管理、美國食用動物禁令與其他法域規則 核對過敏、既有骨髓或血液異常、肝腎功能、水合、生殖狀態、新生狀態，以及所有藥品、麻醉藥、抗癲癇藥與補充品 建立個別化的臨床反應、培養結果、CBC 與網狀球、肝腎功能、適用血中濃度、神經與胃腸徵象、停換藥與失敗處置計畫 評估處理者避免粉末吸入與皮膚接觸、精確保存與丟棄，並防止飼主自行使用、調整、再給藥或分享
DRUGAPI 劑量審查引用的獸醫官方標示（各標示只適用於其產品、物種與法域，不可互換）
依出現頻率分組；嚴重副作用獨立列出，臨床上需立即辨識。
hepatic