商品名：Atopica (veterinary preparation), Neoral (human
Immunosuppressive drug. Cyclosporine binds to a specific cellular receptor on calcineurin and inhibits the T-cell receptor-activated signal transduction pathway. Particularly important are its effects to suppress interleukin-2 (IL-2) and other cytokines and block proliferation of activated T-lymphocytes. The action of cyclosporine is more specific for T-cells as compared to B-cells. Cyclosporine also inhibits the mitochondrial permeability-transition pores that may attenuate myocardial injury during reperfusion. The half-life of cyclosporine is 8-9 hours (average) in dogs and 8-10 hours (avera
Cyclosporine use for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is limited to topical administration. Systemic uses (usually oral) for cyclosporine include immune- mediated hemolytic anemia, atopy in dogs, and perianal fistulas. Other diseases have been treated with cyclosporine, such as sebaceous adenitis, idiopathic sterile nodular panniculitis, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), immune-mediated polyarthritis, myasthenia gravis, and aplastic anemia. It has also been used for treatment of granulomatous meningoencephalitis (3-6 mg/kg q12h). In dogs evidence is est
劑量數字暫停提供：VetPro 的劑量改依 DRUGAPI 藥物資料庫對外的內容，DRUGAPI 目前不提供可直接計算的劑量。下方列出 DRUGAPI 的審查結論與劑量審查引用的來源；計算機可手動輸入劑量換算。
核對精確商品、製造商、法域、現行標示、劑型、濃度或強度、vehicle、modified 狀態、包裝、保存與效期 將犬、貓、其他物種，以及 systemic、ophthalmic、topical 與 compounded 使用完全分開 確認適應症、診斷、疾病嚴重度、既往治療、感染與腫瘤風險、器官功能、繁殖狀態及疫苗計畫 確認病人專屬的給藥、餵食、監測、臨床反應與停藥契約，不得套用通用濃度目標 逐一完成 exact bilateral interaction review，不能由 class text 或人用標示自動建立 pair 建立飼主與院方的人體暴露防護、產品專屬保存與剩餘品處置流程
DRUGAPI 劑量審查引用的獸醫官方標示（各標示只適用於其產品、物種與法域，不可互換）
依出現頻率分組；嚴重副作用獨立列出，臨床上需立即辨識。